We require all authors submitting to the Journal of Language & Education to follow this ethical code:

(1) Authors must guarantee that their submitted article is their original work, free from any infringement on the intellectual property rights of others, and cannot be considered as plagiarizing any other published material, including their previously published works. Plagiarism can take various forms, such as presenting another’s work as one’s own, copying or paraphrasing significant portions of another’s work without proper attribution, or claiming results from research done by others. Any form of plagiarism is unethical and unacceptable.

(2) Each author listed on the paper is equally responsible for the content of the submitted or published manuscript. Individuals who have made significant scientific or literary contributions to the work should be credited as co-authors. The corresponding author must ensure that all co-authors approve the manuscript for publication and agree to be listed as co-authors. Individuals who contributed to the research project in other meaningful ways should be acknowledged or listed as contributors.

(3) Authors must not submit the same manuscript to multiple journals simultaneously. Manuscripts should not report essentially the same research in more than one primary publication. Previously published work, or work that is largely based on previously published research, should not be submitted to the journal.

(4) Proper citation of all relevant publications is required. Authors must ensure that their work is entirely original, and if the work or words of others are used, they must be properly cited or quoted. Information obtained in private communications, such as conversations, correspondence, or discussions with third parties, should not be used in the manuscript without appropriate citation and permission from the third party.

(5) If applicable, authors should provide access to the data sets referenced in their article. The manuscript should include enough detail and references to allow others to replicate the study.

(6) Authors must disclose any potential conflicts of interest, whether professional or financial, that could be perceived as influencing the article. All such conflicts of interest should be clearly stated in the manuscript.

(7) Authors should refrain from making defamatory remarks in their submissions that could damage someone’s reputation.