The Publication Ethics policy of Journal of Language & Education (hereinafter: the Journal) has been developed following the guidelines of international and national authorities in the field of ethical issues:

• Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE);
• The European Association of Science Editors (EASE);
• Association of Science Editors and Publishers (ASEP).

Peer Review ProcessA double-blind peer review or open peer review methods are obligatory for processing of all manuscripts reporting original research that are submitted to the Editorial office of the Journal. 

(1) Members of the Editorial board and leading global experts in corresponding areas of sciences, invited as independent readers, perform peer reviews. Editor-in-Chief, Deputy Editors or Co-Editors choose experts for peer review. We aim to limit the review process to 10 weeks, though in some cases the schedule may be adjusted at the reviewer’s request.

(2) Prior to peer review, all submissions undergo preliminary assessment by the Editorial Team to ensure their compliance with the journal’s requirements, particularly with regard to the quality of the English language used. In cases where the language is deemed insufficient for peer review, the authors may be advised to resubmit their manuscript upon having it proofread by a competent editor.

(3) Reviewer has an option to abnegate the assessment should any conflict of interests arise that may affect perception or interpretation of the manuscript. Upon the scrutiny, the reviewer is expected to present the Editorial board with one of the following recommendations: to accept submission (i.e. to accept the manuscript for publication without revisions); revisions required (i.e. to request the author to revise the manuscript following the reviewers’ comments); resubmit for review (i.e. to request the author to perform major revision, upon which the manuscript is resubmitted as a new submission); resubmit elsewhere (i.e. to invite the author to resubmit the manuscript to another journal); decline submission (i.e. to reject the manuscript outright).

(4) If the reviewer has recommended any revisions, the Editorial board would suggest the author either to implement the corrections, or to dispute them reasonably. Authors are kindly required to limit their revision to 3 weeks and resubmit the adapted manuscript within this period for final evaluation.

(5) We politely request that the Editor be notified verbally or in writing should the author decide to refuse from publishing the manuscript. In case the author fails to do so within 3 weeks since receiving a copy of the initial review, the Editorial board takes the manuscript off the register and notifies the author accordingly.If the author and reviewers meet insoluble contradictions regarding revision of the manuscript, the Editor-in-Chief resolves the conflict by his own authority. The Editorial board reaches final decision to reject a manuscript on the hearing according to reviewers’ recommendations, and duly notifies the authors of their decision via e-mail. The board does not accept previously rejected manuscripts for re-evaluation.Upon the decision to accept the manuscript for publishing, the editorial board notifies the authors of the scheduled date of publication. Manuscript reviews are not published. Reviews can be sent to the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russian Federation in case of query.