Изменения мета представительных навыков стареющего населения: первые эмпирические данные о связи между метаязыковой компетенцией и атрибуцией психических состояний
Аннотация
Введение. Настоящая статья посвящена мета представительным изменениям, происходящим при старении, путем изучения снижения дефиниционной компетентности, способности, до сих пор мало изученной в этот период жизни.
Цель. В статье выдвигается гипотеза о связи между теорией разума (TР) и дефиниционной компетенцией, с точки зрения, которая рассматривает первую как подготовительную и содействующую компетенцию для более сложного лингвистического речепорождения, то есть лексикографического определения. Также исследуется влияние уровней образования на снижение у пожилых людей определяющей компетентности и TР.
Методы. Мы набрали 24 взрослых (возрастная категория 21-55 лет), 25 молодых взрослых (возрастная категория 60-70 лет) и 25 пожилых взрослых (возрастная категория 71-85 лет) и дали им визуальное задание для измерения ТР и Шкалы по определению общей конструктивности и деструктивности для оценки компетентности в определении.
Результаты. Результаты показывают, что компетентность в определении снижается раньше, чем TР, отражая хорошо известный процесс, согласно которому в семантическом знании во время старения таксономические отношения теряются раньше тематических. Наши результаты также показывают, что более высокий уровень образования связан с лучшими показателями в обеих наших ключевых конструкциях и тем, что TР прогнозирует в дефиниционной компетентности в соответствии с нашими ожиданиями.
Вывод. В статье предлагается одно из первых систематических исследований изменений в дефиниционной компетентности на последнем этапе жизни и дается теоретическое представление о взаимосвязи между TР и дефиниционной компетентностью при старении. Полученные данные будут полезными для будущих мероприятий, направленных на улучшение лингвистических и метаязыковых навыков у пожилых людей путем сохранения более высокого уровня осведомленности и принятия децентрализованной перспективы в межличностном общении.
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